The Dutch Reoccupied West Java

VIVAnews – 61 year ago, today, on 1 February 1948, following the Renville Agreement, Indonesia withdrew all its troops from West Java, allowing the Dutch to reoccupy the area.

After the First Dutch military aggression on 21 July 1947, parts of East and West Java fell into the Dutch hands. A month later, Hubertus J. van Mook, the leader of the Netherlands Indies

Civil Administration (NICA), proclaimed “The Van Mook Line,” which marked a boundary after a ceasefire. According to this new boundary line, Indonesia was left with only one third of Java and most of the island of Sumatra.

Later, on 17 January 1948, “The Van Mook Line” was formalized and accepted as the official boundary of Indonesia and the Dutch East Indies through the Renville Agreement. Consequently, the Indonesia had to withdraw all its troops and officials from the Dutch-occupied areas. These included thousands of Siliwangi troops stationed in West Java.

On 1 February 1948, Lieutenant Colonel A. H. Nasution, then Commander of the Siliwangi Division, ordered his troops to withdraw from West Java. Thousands Siliwangi soldiers who came from many areas in West Java gathered at the harbor and the railway station in Cirebon. They were waiting to be transported to Rembang and Yogyakarta. This massive evacuation of the Siliwangi Division became famously known in Indonesian history as hijrah or the evacuation of the Siliwangi Division.

While stationed in Yogyakarta, Siliwangi Division became the backbone of the Indonesian military. They helped the government tackle its security problems that have arisen after the Renville Agreement. These included the dissatisfaction within the army during the military reorganization, the communist rebellion in Madiun, and during the fighting that erupted between Indonesia and the Dutch, after the latter launched its second military aggression.  

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VIVA.co.id

26 April 2024